Incident Summary:
10/31/2011: On Monday, in East Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India, 12 to 15 suspected militants from the Garo National Liberation Army (GNLA) ambushed a highway police patrol in Nengpatchi village, killing four officers and a civilian. Two other police officers were wounded. The deceased policemen were identified as N.R. Marak, Probinson Sangma, Victor Marak and E. Sangma. The two policemen who survived the attack have been identified as Peter Sangma and D. Sangma. Two Kalashnikov AK-47s, two self loading rifles, and one M4 Carbine were stolen by militants from the police. No groups claimed responsibility but the GNLA, allegedly led by its ‘central area commander’ Rakkam Marak and former Police constable Savio Ch Marak, the ‘area commander’ of West Khasi Hills, is suspected of being involved.
Overview
GTD ID:
201110310003
When:
2011-10-31
Country:
India
Region:
South Asia
Province/administrative
region/u.s. state:
Meghalaya
City:
Nengpatchi
Location Details:
The attacks occurred on a police patrol in the Nengpatchi village in East Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India.
What
Attack Information
| Type of Attack () |
Armed Assault |
| Successful Attack? () |
Yes |
Target Information ()
| Target Type: Police |
|---|
| Name of Entity |
East Garo Hills Law Enforcement |
| Specific Description |
The highway police patrol was targeted in the attack. |
| Nationality of Target |
India |
Additional Information
| Hostages |
No |
| Ransom |
No |
| Property Damage |
No |
How
Weapon Information
| Type |
Sub-type |
| Firearms |
Unknown Gun Type |
| Weapon Details |
|---|
| Unknown firearms were used in the attack. |
Additional Information
| Suicide Attack? | No |
| Part of Multiple Incident? | No |
| Criterion 1 () |
Yes |
| Criterion 2 () |
Yes |
| Criterion 3 () |
Yes |
| Doubt Terrorism Proper () |
No |
Who
Perpetrator Statistics
| Number of Perpetrators |
12 |
| Number of Captured Perpetrators |
0 |
Casualty Information
| Total Number of Casualties |
5 Fatalities / 2 Injured |
| Total Number of Fatalities |
5 |
| Number of U.S. Fatalities |
0 |
| Number of Perpetrator Fatalities |
0 |
| Total Number of Injured |
2 |
| Number of U.S. Injured |
0 |
| Number of Perpetrators Injured |
0 |
Sources
Sources
| Jane’s Intelligence, “Suspected GNLA Militants Kill Five People in India's Meghalaya,” Terrorism Watch Report, The Shillong Times, November 1, 2011. |
| South Asia Terrorism Portal, "GNLA Militants Kill Four Policemaen and a Civilian in Meghalaya," The Shillong Times, http://satp.org/satporgtp/detailed_news.asp?date1=11/1/2011&id=1#1 (November 1, 2011). |
| Indo-Asian News Service, "Five Killed in Meghalaya Ambush," Indo-Asian News Service, October 1, 2011. |
Criteria
Criteria 1
The act must be aimed at attaining a political, economic, religious, or social goal. In terms of economic goals, the exclusive pursuit of profit does not satisfy this criterion. It must involve the pursuit of more profound, systemic economic change.
Criterion 2
There must be evidence of an intention to coerce, intimidate, or convey some other message to a larger audience (or audiences) than the immediate victims. It is the act taken as a totality that is considered, irrespective if every individual involved in carrying out the act was aware of this intention. As long as any of the planners or decision-makers behind the attack intended to coerce, intimidate or publicize, the intentionality criterion is met.
Criterion 3
The action must be outside the context of legitimate warfare activities. That is, the act must be outside the parameters permitted by international humanitarian law (particularly the prohibition against deliberately targeting civilians or non-combatants.
Doubt Terrorism Proper
The existence of a "Yes" for "Doubt Terrorism Proper?" records reservation, in the eyes of GTD analysts, that the incident in question is truly terrorism. Such uncertainty, however, was not deemed to be sufficient to disqualify the incident from inclusion into the GTD. Furthermore, such a determination of doubt is subsequently coded by GTD analysts as conforming to one of four possible alternative designations: 1) Insurgency/Guerilla Action; 2) Internecine Conflict Action; 3) Mass Murder; or 4) Purely Criminal Act.
Alternate Designation
The determination of "yes" for "Doubt Terrorism Proper" by GTD analysts is coded as conforming to one of four possible alternative designations: 1) Insurgency/Guerilla Action; 2) Internecine Conflict Action; 3) Mass Murder; or 4) Purely Criminal Act.
Successful Attack
Success of a terrorist strike is defined according to the tangible effects of the attack. For example, in a typical successful bombing, the bomb detonates and destroys property and/or kills individuals, whereas an unsuccessful bombing is one in which the bomb is discovered and defused or detonates early and kills the perpetrators. Success is not judged in terms of the larger goals of the perpetrators. For example, a bomb that exploded in a building would be counted as a success even if it did not, for example, succeed in bringing the building down or inducing government repression.
Type of Attack
This field captures the general method of attack and often reflects the broad class of tactics used. It consists of the following nine categories:
- Assassination
- Armed Assault
- Unarmed Assault
- Bombing/Explosion
- Hijacking
- Hostage taking (Barricade Incident)
- Hostage taking (Kidnapping)
- Facility / Infrastructure Attack
- Unknown
Target Information
This field captures the general type of target. It consists of the following 22 categories:
- Abortion Related
- Airports & Airlines
- Business
- Government (General)
- Government (Diplomatic)
- Educational Institution
- Food or Water Supply
- Journalists & Media
- Maritime (includes Ports and Maritime facilities)
- Military
- NGO
- Other
- Police
- Private Citizens & Property
- Religious Figures/Institutions
- Telecommunication
- Terrorists
- Tourists
- Transportation (other than aviation)
- Unknown
- Utilities
- Violent Political Parties
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