Back to Search ResultsIncident Summary:
01/28/1974: Assailants shot and killed Jane Holly, a white woman, at the Lightning Coin Launderette on Silver Avenue and Brussells Street in San Francisco, California United States. The assailants were later identified as J.C. Simon and Manuel Moore, who fled along with a third man Anthony Harris, who was waiting in a car. Moore and Simon were charged with Holly's murder. The perpetrators were black Muslims who followed the Nation of Islam and believed that they had to "destroy the enemy" and "kill devils," which they interpreted as white people. This was the fifteenth in a series of 20 racially motivated attacks (with 23 victims) targeting white people by black Muslims who came to be known as the Zebra Killers, and specifically, the fourth of five attacks on this day.Overview
GTD ID:
197401280002
When:
1974-01-28
Country:
United States
Region:
North America
Province/administrative
region/u.s. state:
California
City:
San Francisco
Location Details:
At the Lightning Coin Launderette on Silver Avenue and Brussells Street
What
| Target Type: Private Citizens & Property | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Name of Entity | Not applicable | ||
| Specific Description | white woman, Jane Holly | ||
| Nationality of Target | United States | ||
| Hostages | No |
| Ransom | No |
| Property Damage | No |
How
| Type | Sub-type |
|---|---|
| Firearms | Handgun |
| Weapon Details | |
| .32 caliber gun | |
| Suicide Attack? | No |
| Part of Multiple Incident? | Yes |
| Criterion 1 (more) | Yes |
| Criterion 2 (more) | Yes |
| Criterion 3 (more) | Yes |
| Additional Information | Manuel Moore and J.C. Simon were accused of Holly's murder in court. The eight Zebra killers were black Muslims, who belonged to the San Francisco chapter of the independent socio-religious sect, the Nation of Islam. The perpetrators followed the teachings of Elijah Muhammad, and believed that their deity motivated them to kill the "devil," which the men interpreted to mean white people. The Nation of Islam paid for the legal representation of most members during their trials for these attacks. This was the sixteenth incident in a series of 20 racially motivated attacks (with 23 victims) by the perpetrators who came to be known as the Zebra killers. See also events 197310200002, 197310220003, 197310290003, 197311250004, 197312110002, 197312130001, 197312130002, 197312200003, 197312200004, 197312220002, 197312220003, 197312230001, 197401280001, 197401280003, 197401280004, 197404010003, 197404140003, and 197404160003. |
Who
| Group Name | Claimed Responsibility |
|---|---|
| Zebra killers | No |
| Number of Perpetrators | 2 |
| Number of Captured Perpetrators | 2 |
| Total Number of Casualties | 1 Fatalities / 0 Injured |
| Total Number of Fatalities | 1 |
| Number of U.S. Fatalities | 1 |
| Number of Perpetrator Fatalities | 0 |
| Total Number of Injured | 0 |
| Number of U.S. Injured | 0 |
| Number of Perpetrators Injured | 0 |
Sources
| Prentice Earl Sanders and Bennett Cohen, "The Zebra Murders: A Season of Killing, Racial Madness, and Civil Rights," Arcade Publishing, Inc., 2006. |
| Clark Howard, "Zebra: The true account of the 179 days of terror in San Francisco," Richard Marek Publishers, 1979. |
Copyright © 2009-2022 University of Maryland
National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism
An Emeritus Center of Excellence of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Data and Privacy | End User Agreement | Contact
National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism
An Emeritus Center of Excellence of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Data and Privacy | End User Agreement | Contact